Bulgaria, situated in Southeastern Europe on the Balkan Peninsula, is a country rich in history and natural beauty. With a population of about 6.8 million, the capital Sofia is one of Europe's oldest cities, steeped in history and culture. Bulgarian is the official language, written in the Cyrillic script. Bulgaria is renowned for its diverse landscapes, from the Black Sea coastline to the towering Rila and Rhodope Mountains.

The country experiences a varied climate, with continental conditions in the north and a Mediterranean influence in the south, making it a popular destination for both winter sports and summer seaside vacations. Bulgaria's economy is based on agriculture, winemaking, tourism, and industry. The country's rich cultural heritage includes ancient Orthodox monasteries, vibrant folklore traditions, and traditional crafts.